Climate and Vegetation

The climate of Chad is determined by two mass of air:

The harmattan, hot and dry, which brings winds from the Sahara;

An equatorial maritime mass of air, humid and fresh, which brings wind from south-west and between the two mass, the front inter-tropical movement provokes the season: Very hot season in April and May (50 C), humid between June and October, dry and fresh from November to March. It depends of the rains, Unequally distributed, we distinguish three climates zone.

· A desert zone scattered with few palm trees in the north, with less than 250 mm of rain a year (25 mm in Faya-Largeau) 0n 780,000 km;

· A Sahel zone in the centre (200 to 500mm from June to September) out of 374,000 km where it develops a vast wooden savanna and herbage reserved to intensive herding and growth of cereal, tubercle;

· Finally a tropical zone part humid of 130,000 km in the south with rain mostly 500 mm (almost 1200 mm in Sarh between April and October) where cotton and cereal is developed.